CVE-2025-40169

HighCVSS 7.8/10Last modified Oct 19, 2026

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:

bpf: Reject negative offsets for ALU ops

When verifying BPF programs, the check_alu_op() function validates instructions with ALU operations. The 'offset' field in these instructions is a signed 16-bit integer.

The existing check 'insn->off > 1' was intended to ensure the offset is either 0, or 1 for BPF_MOD/BPF_DIV. However, because 'insn->off' is signed, this check incorrectly accepts all negative values (e.g., -1).

This commit tightens the validation by changing the condition to '(insn->off != 0 && insn->off != 1)'. This ensures that any value other than the explicitly permitted 0 and 1 is rejected, hardening the verifier against malformed BPF programs.

Metrics

CVSS 3.1 7.8/10CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

Affected software

VendorProductVersions
LinuxLinux>= ec0e2da95f72d4a46050a4d994e4fe471474fd80, < 3bce44b344040e5eef3d64d38b157c15304c0aab; >= ec0e2da95f72d4a46050a4d994e4fe471474fd80, < 5017c302ca4b2a45149ad64e058fa2d5623c068f; >= ec0e2da95f72d4a46050a4d994e4fe471474fd80, < 21167bf70dbe400563e189ac632258d35eda38b5; >= ec0e2da95f72d4a46050a4d994e4fe471474fd80, < 55c0ced59fe17dee34e9dfd5f7be63cbab207758
LinuxLinux6.6

References

Timeline

Published
Nov 12, 2025
Last modified
Oct 19, 2026
NVD status
Deferred

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CVE-2025-40169: High severity, CVSS 7.8 | Vulnix